Editorial articles

Written by our exclusive Green Wheels team. Catered for EV Community

Sudharma: An enigma of long lost Sanskrit Journalism

By GWNA June 11 (Appeared on 5th edition-17.06.24 to 23.06.24)

Sudharma, based in Mysore, stands as the sole Sanskrit newspaper in the world, being consistently published, unhindered for the past fifty-three years, and this accomplishment is no insignificant feat. In the present challenging landscape where sustaining a newspaper in any language poses difficulties, the successful operation of a Sanskrit newspaper is a testament to sheer willpower driving its purpose. In print media, Mysore is recognized as the nurturing ground for small-scale newspapers, often revered as the cradle of neighborhood periodicals. This week, the Green Wheels News Agency (GWNA) unearths this hidden gem of journalism before you.

Green Wheels editor-in-chief Mr. Yashas Ramesh with the revered editor-in-chief of Sudharma newspaper at Sudharma office. Credits: GWNA

Sanskrit Journalism in India has established its presence across all three domains: print, electronic and digital. thee contribution of Sudharma to the landscape of Indian Sanskrit Journalism is of immense magnitude. The realm of journalism is currently navigating a period of challenges and uncertainities. The challenges being controlled by print media, specifically are numerous. Revenue from advertisements constitutes the primary source of income for any newspaper, channel or news portal. In such a challenging scenario, Sudharma is standing tall withstanding all the storms and difficulties of media industry.

The newspaper was started by Girvani Bhushanam, Vidyanidhi, Pandita Sri Kalale Nadadur Varadaraja Iyengar in the year 1970. Varadaraja Iyengar held a steadfast belief that promoting girls education engenders a collective elevation of knowledge throughout the community. Consequently in 1963, driven by his unwavering commitment to eduactional equity, Varadaraja Iyengar started an educational institution known as “Srikantha Samskruti Sangha” in the culturally vibrant city of Mysore. The institution progressed steadfastly under the capable patronage of His Holiness Srimadabhinava Ranganatha Brahmatantra Parakala Swamiji of the Sri Parakala Math. During Sudharma’s beginning years, a multitude of esteemed officials played pivotal roles in shaping its trajectory. Notably, Former IAS officer Chiranjivi Singh, Assistant Commissioners M.B. Parkash, Muniswamy, M.A.S. Rajan, District Commissioners R.A. Mithra, Krishnakumar further fortified Sudharma’s foundationa in a better way.

The financial status of Sudharma has been on eof great constrains since its inception. Regrettably, this challenging situation has not seen any improvement up to the present day. Despite austere financial circumstances, even after the departure of Varadaraja Iyengar, the publication of Sudharma continued unhindered. His son, Sampath Kumar and his dedicated wife Jayalakshmi Sampath Kumar diligently took it forward, tearting it as a sacried ritual. After the demise of Sampath Kumar, Smt. Jayalakshmi has tenaciously continued the herculean task, demonstrating unwavering commitment to Sudharma’s legacy. She is leading from the front, driven by sheer morale, dedication to journalism, and a passion for Sanskrit language. On the occasion of new year, Sudharma rolled out New Year Calendar 1995 in complete Sanskrit language which was pleasantly surprised to see the calendar bundled with the newspaper’s daily issue and this move garnered an overwhelming response, with an avalanche of accolades pouring in. This tradition persisted for the following ten years. Furthermore in 2008, a couple of newlyweds, software engineers by profession, sought out Sudharma’s office. After a curious interview, a new chapter

The first edition of Sudharma newspaper. Credits: Sudharma Website

commenced in the pages of Sudharma’s History. Sudharma swiftly connected with its admirers, ensuring that the content reached them promptly on the very day of publication. Presently, Sudharma boasts a readership of more than one lakh, with avid readers spanning across the globe. The e-paper is currently available for the same amount of subscription as the physical copy and for those who cherish the feel of a hard copy, Sudharma’s tradition of sending the newspaper through postal services has persisted, catering to the preferences of readers who value the physical edition. -GWN

The India Post: More Than Mailboxes in a Digital Age

By GWNA June 27 (Appeared on 7th edition-01.07.24 to 07.07.24)

Red pillar boxes, once the sole domain of handwritten letters, now stand as sentinels of a changing India Post. While email and social media dominate instant communication, India Post remains the backbone for many, especially in the remote corners of our nation. Established in 1766, even predating the Pony Express in the American West, the India Post has witnessed revolutions in communication, from the telegram to the telephone. Today, as we navigate the digital age, the question arises – is the India Post destined to become a relic of the past? This week, the Green Wheels Editorial team brings you an exuberant journey of our Indian Postal Department.

The Mysuru General Post Office located at Nehru Circle. Credits: Wikimedia Commons

The answer is a resounding no. While digital media has undoubtedly transformed communication, particularly in urban areas, the India Post remains the lifeline for millions in rural India. From the bustling fields of Punjab to the remote villages of Arunachal Pradesh, post offices offer essential services – sending letters, parcels, and money orders – for those who lack access to smartphones or reliable internet connections. Born as a rudimentary postal system under Sher Shah Suri, it evolved under British rule into a well-oiled network. It played a pivotal role in the Indian independence movement, carrying revolutionary messages and

uniting the nation. Post-independence, India Post expanded its reach, becoming the backbone of rural communication and a key player in financial inclusion through money orders and postal banking. However, the winds of change have brought fierce competition. The rise of email, instant messaging, and private couriers has eroded its traditional mail monopoly. The convenience and speed of digital communication pose a significant challenge. Additionally, internal issues like staff shortages and outdated infrastructure hinder efficiency. However, the India Post isn't content to simply be a legacy institution. It's actively embracing digitalization. E-Post services allow for secure electronic document transmission, mobile banking empowers users to manage finances on the go, and online parcel tracking provides real-time information.Initiatives like the Postal Savings Bank and India Post Payments Bank fulfill a critical need for financial inclusion, especially in rural areas where traditional banking infrastructure may be limited.

The story of 6 digit PIN code

Even though letter-writing has become a thing of past, our online shopping habits keep the Pin code from becoming obsolete. Ever wondered how is the Pin code of a particular area decided? PIN code stands for Postal Index Number code. Also known as Zip code or area postal code, Pin code is the post office numbering code system used by the postal service of India, India Post. The PIN was first introduced in India on August 15, 1972. It is a 6 digits long code with each of the digits denoting a particular meaning. The first digit of the PIN reflects the region. In India, there are 9 PIN regions, out of which first 8 stands for geographical location and 9 is especially used for the army postal service. The second digit in the PIN code indicates the sub region. Thus the first two digits of the PIN identifies a particular circle. This list goes from “11” which stands for Delhi and goes all the way upto “99” which is reserved specially for the armed forces of the nation. The third digit in the PIN code indicates the sorting district within the region. And finally, the last 3 digits designates the specific post office within the district. Thus, your mail shall be delivered to you as accurately as a sharp arrow through the sorting system which is more than seven decades old.

The fancy of collecting stamps and post cards

Kids from the Gen-Z or Millenial era would obviously cultivated the hobby of collecting stamps, postcards, Inland letters, envelopes and other paraphernalia from their nearby post offices. Earlier, even educational institutions were promoting the necessity of mail system to their students. Children used to purchase stamps and postcards for speak-and-tell competitions. It was one of the most joyful things we had done when we were kids. This isn't just about convenience – it's about empowerment. The India Post is a key player in e-commerce, facilitating last-mile delivery where private couriers may not reach. This empowers local businesses and artisans to tap into a wider market, boosting the national economy. Here in Mysore, for instance, this is particularly relevant for the silk and handicraft industries.

So, the next time you see a red pillar box, remember – it's more than just a mailbox. It represents a vital thread in India's social fabric, connecting communities, fostering financial inclusion, and driving e-commerce growth. In a world of fleeting digital interactions, India Post offers a touch of human connection, a tangible reminder that communication can be a journey, not just a fleeting message. -GWNA Credits: India Postal Department

The Shattered Web of Trust: Combating India's Prevalent Scams

By GWNA June 11 (Appeared on 9th edition-15.07.24 to 21.07.24)

Trust. It's the bedrock of any society, and in India, it's often readily extended – a handshake as a contract, a doorstep vendor treated with courtesy. But this very openness can be exploited. In recent years, a shadow industry of scams has flourished, preying on this inherent trust and leaving a trail of financial and emotional devastation. From the ever-evolving menace of phone calls impersonating officials to the lure of online quick-money schemes, these scams target the vulnerable and erode the very fabric of our social interactions. This week, we delve into this growing problem, examining the tactics employed by scammers and, more importantly, offering solutions to empower ourselves and our communities to fight back.

From the chilling impersonations of officials on phone calls documented in a study by the SVPNPA (an Indian police academy) to the alluring mirage of online get-rich-quick schemes exposed by Forbes Advisor (a financial publication), these scams target a wide spectrum of victims. The elderly, yearning for connection, fall prey to emotional manipulation. The young, fueled by aspirations for financial independence, become easy targets for fraudulent investment opportunities. The consequences are far-reaching, leaving behind not just financial ruin but also a deep sense of betrayal and a pervasive distrust that weakens the social fabric.

The Arsenal of Deception

The scammers' arsenal is as diverse as it is deceptive. Here are some of the most prevalent tactics:

Military Scams: In this situation, the victim gets called by the scammer through any platforms like Olx, Quickr and so on. The Scammer impersonates himself as a representative or an officer of the defense forces and he is interested to buy the item displayed for sale at these platforms. After convincing, the victim sends his UPI details which gives an easy access to the scammer and withdraws the amount by a click of a button.

Accidental payment scam: The fraudster sends the victim a notification that appears to be valid as payment for the victim through UPI payment metho. The fraudster explains that the amount was sent by accident and to return the amount. But in reality, there won’t be any such transactions that took place. Old-age victims fall for this trap and end up losing thousands of Rupees.

Social Media Scams:

Fake profiles are created on social media platforms to target specific demographics. Romance scams exploit emotions, while investment scams promise high returns with minimal risk. Both manipulate victims into sending money or sharing personal information.

Ponzi Schemes:

These deceptive schemes promise high returns with minimal risk. They function by paying out returns to initial investors with funds from newer recruits. The scheme eventually collapses when the flow of funds dries up, leaving later investors with nothing.

ATM Scams:

Fraudsters employ various methods to steal card details at ATMs. These can include skimming devices attached to the card reader, fake keypads that record PINs, or cash trapping mechanisms that prevent cards from being ejected.

Cryptocurrency Scams:

Fraudulent investment platforms or individuals promise high returns on cryptocurrency investments. These platforms can be outright fake, or they manipulate prices to steal investor money.

Tech Support Scams:

Victims receive unsolicited calls or pop-up messages claiming their computer is infected with viruses. Scammers then offer to fix the non-existent problem for a hefty fee, often involving remote access to the victim's device.

Fake delivery OTP scam:

With the rise in cybercrimes, businesses have become more aware and cautious about customer data. To

A Card skimmer used by scammers at ATMs to record card details. Credits: NCCU-Virginia

provide more secure delivery to customers, e-commerce platforms started the One Time Password (OTP). However, frauds and scammers have managed to break this security and steal money from customers’ bank accounts.

Fake Lottery Scams: Nowadays Fraudsters have taken a promotion to grab innocent older generations through this new method. The scammer sends a Registered Post to the victim’s address in which a fake scratch card stating that the receiver has won 10 Lakh Rupees from e-commerce websites like Meesho, Flipkart, etc., will be attached with a letter. Suppose the victim tries to scan the QR Code mentioned in the card to check out. In that case, the scammer shall get an open access portal to the victim’s mobile to collect sensitive credentials such as Bank Account details, government-issued ID cards, and many more. Leaving the victim helpless in the end.

Protecting Yourself:

Never share personal information, banking details, or OTPs over unsolicited calls or emails.
Verify the legitimacy of requests directly with the concerned organization.
Be cautious of overly aggressive investment offers or deals that seem too good to be true.
Educate yourself and your loved ones about the latest scams.

-GWNA, Suggestions from Mint Mumbai

Bridging the Gap: Decoding the Dialogue

By GWNA July 31 (Appeared on 12th edition-05.08.24 to 11.08.24)

In an era defined by instantaneous information exchange, the communication system has evolved from a mere utility to an indispensable lifeline. From the rudimentary smoke signals to the sophisticated digital networks of today, the journey has been one of remarkable innovation. However, the true measure of a communication system lies not in its technological prowess alone but in its ability to foster understanding, connection, and progress. As our world becomes increasingly interconnected, the imperative to refine and optimize our communication infrastructure has never been more urgent. “The implications of a robust communication system extend far beyond the realm of social interaction. It is the bedrock of economic growth, political stability, and even global health. A well-functioning communication network can facilitate trade, empower citizens, and expedite crisis response. Conversely, deficiencies in communication infrastructure can hinder development, exacerbate inequality, and create vulnerabilities to threats.To avoid these threats and ensure ease of communications certain protocols and regulations have been established which we don’t know and follow blindly. This week let us understand the different organizations that are involved to mensure safety of telecommunication between countries.

From the ancient Greek concept of a "telephon" – a distant sound – to the ubiquitous smartphones of today, telecommunications has undergone a transformative journey. The telegraph, a marvel of 19th-century engineering, laid the foundation for long-distance communication. The subsequent invention of the telephone revolutionized personal connections. Radio and television broadcasts brought the world into living rooms, while the digital age ushered in an era of unprecedented connectivity. Today, telecommunications is the lifeblood of modern society, underpinning everything from commerce and education to healthcare and governance.

The story of ITU

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for many matters related to information and communication technologies. It was established on 17 May 1865 as the International Telegraph Union, significantly predating the UN and making it the oldest UN agency. Doreen Bogdan-Martin is the Secretary-General of ITU, and the first woman to serve as its head. The ITU was initially aimed at helping connect telegraphic networks between countries, with its mandate consistently broadening with the advent of new communications technologies; it adopted its current name in 1932 to reflect its expanded responsibilities over radio and the telephone. On 15 November 1947, the ITU entered into an agreement with the newly created United Nations to become a specialized agency within the UN system, which

formally entered into force on 1 January 1949. The ITU promotes the shared global use of the radio spectrum, facilitates international cooperation in assigning satellite orbits, assists in international standards for radiocommunication systems, interconnection of networks, data transport, online security,broadcasting systems and multimedia systems, such as streaming audio and video. international standards for radiocommunication systems, interconnection of networks, data transport, online security, broadcasting systems and multimedia systems, such as streaming audio and video. developing and coordinating worldwide technical standards,and works to improve telecommunication infrastructure in the developing world. ITU manages a cooperative system of international coordination on the radio frequencies used by satellites, aimed at preventing such systems from interfering with each other or with other radio systems.

The Story of +91 Country Code:

The country code system is a standardized way of identifying different countries in the global telecommunications network. Each country is assigned a unique numerical code that follows the "+" sign, which is used to initiate an international call. This system was developed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), which is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is responsible for regulating global telecommunications. The history of India's country code begins in the mid-20th century, when the country was still under British colonial rule. At the time, the country's telecommunications infrastructure was rudimentary, with most calls being routed through operators and manually connected using analog switches. However, with the growth of India's economy and the rise of international trade and commerce, it became increasingly important to have a more efficient and direct way of connecting with other countries. In 1960, India became a member of the ITU, which gave it access to the organization’s country code system. At the time, the country was still using a manual switchboard system for international calls, which was slow and inefficient. However, in 1964, the Indian government introduced a new direct dialing system that allowed people to make international calls without having to go through an operator.As part of this transition, India was assigned the country code +91 by the ITU.

This code was chosen because it was available at the time and because it fit with the ITU’s standard numbering plan for the region. The + sign was used to indicate that the call was an international one, while the numerical code 91 identified India as the destination country.Since then, the +91 code has become an integral part of India’s telecommunications infrastructure. It is used for all international calls and other telecommunications services that originate in India or are destined for India from other countries. In addition, the code has become a symbol of India’s growing integration with the global community and its emergence as a major economic power.

ITU Headquarters located in Geneva, Switzerland